正常成人的血紅素為由 α 及 β 兩種次單元 (subunit) 所組成的四聚體 (tetramer),α2β2。惟有當次單元之比例及在空間中的排列位向皆正確時,血紅素方能精確無誤地在體內正常行使其輸送氧氣之生物功能。一旦血紅素的次單元的比例發生變化或其球蛋白的三級乃至四級結構發生變異時,將導致其攜氧功能的缺損以及血液疾病的發生,如鐮刀型貧血症以及地中海型貧血症等。
由於半胱胺酸具高度生物活性,是最容易受到環境因子攻擊的位點之一。為了解半胱胺酸在維持血紅蛋白結構穩定之重要性,以及當其與有機汞反應後結構被破壞的反應機制,我們探討了有機汞化合物PMB (p-hydroxymercuribenzoate) 與血紅蛋白上的半胱胺酸發生反應使血紅蛋白結構發生鬆動進而分解成單體 (subunit disassembly) 的過程。人類血紅蛋白為兩個α單體和兩個β單體所組成結構穩定的四聚體蛋白質,具有三種不同的半胱胺酸殘基,分別分佈在βCys93、αCys104、βCys112位置上。利用基質輔助雷射脫附游離飛行時間質譜儀觀察不同位置的半胱胺酸殘基與PMB的反應活性、反應順序及結合強度,並進而推衍出血紅蛋白四聚體分離為單體的可能反應機制以及各不同位置上的半胱胺酸殘基在維持血紅蛋白四聚體結構中所扮演的樞鈕角色。本工作探討了蛋白質中具高度活性的半胱胺酸受到環境因子侵擾後,發生後轉譯修飾 (post-translational modification),導致結構循序被破壞甚至鬆動瓦解的過程。
我們亦深入探究並試圖找出能夠調整血紅蛋白氧氣輸送功能的化學物質。透過結合共振拉曼光譜、氧合平衡曲線實驗以及理論計算模擬,我們實驗室近期從天然物中找出了一類能夠有效促進血紅蛋白輸送氧氣功能的化合物,並推衍出一全新的血紅蛋白異構調控分子機制。此藥物目前已取得中華民國及美國專利共 7 項,未來可望應用於預防或調整因環境因子導致血氧功能失調之新型態生醫療法或新藥開發。
此工作對於了解環境因子如何導致生物分子結構及功能的改變或喪失,從分子基礎上提供了進一步的認識。本研究方向之目的是研發能夠有效治療血液疾病之藥物及方法並應用於預防或調整因環境因子導致血氧功能失調之新型態生醫療法或新藥開發。
參考著作
1. Wei-Ren Chen, Chia-Cheng Chou, Chia C. Wang*, Phthalides serve as potent modulators to boost the efficacy of fetal hemoglobin induction therapy for β-hemoglobinopathies. Blood Adv., 3, 1493-1498 (2019).
2. Wei-Ren Chen, Youqing Yu, Muhammad Zulfajri, Ping-Cheng Lin, Zhong-Hang Wu, Meng-Sin Chen and Chia C. Wang*, Phthalide Derivatives from Angelica Sinensis Decrease Oxygen Affinity of Hemoglobin: A New Allosteric-Modulating Mechanism and Potential Use as 2,3-BPG Substitutes, Sci. Rep., accepted (2017).
3. Heng-I Kan, Yi-Ying Chen and Chia C. Wang*, Subunit disassembly of human hemoglobin unravels the site-specific roles of its cysteine residues, J. Phys. Chem. B, 117, 9831 (2013)
專利
1. Wang, C. C., Chen, W.-R. (2018): Method for enhancing the oxygen level of tissue cells as an alternative method for hyperbaric oxygen therapy. United States of America Patent (Patent No US 9,937,150 B2)
2. Wang, C. C., Chen, W.-R., (2018): Method for enhancing the oxygen level of tissue cells as an alternative method for hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Republic of China Patent (Patent No TW I643615 B)
3. Wang, C. C., Chen, W.-R. (2018): Use of phthalides in the preparation of medicinal composition for treating Alzheimer’s disease and 2,3-Biphosphoglycerate metabolism disorder induced morbidities. Republic of China Patent (Patent No TW I638655 B)
4. Wang, C. C., Zulfajri, M., Yu, Y. (2018): A method for improving the oxygen-releasing ability of hemoglobin to organs and peripheral tissues in human bodies and a medication thereof. United States of America Patent (Patent No US 10,047,063 B2)
5. Wang, C. C. (2017): An adjustable aerodynamic lenses system for aerodynamic focusing of aerosols. Republic of China Patent (Patent No TW I584344 B)
6. Wang, C. C., Chen, W.-R. (2017): Method for facilitating the oxygen release of hemoglobin-based blood substitutes. United States of America Patent (Patent No US 9,713,602 B1)
7. Wang, C. C., Zulfajri, M., Yu, Y. (2017): A method for improving the oxygen-releasing ability of hemoglobin to organs and peripheral tissues in human bodies and its medication mixture. Republic of China Patent (Patent No TW I602564 B)
8. Wang, C. C., Zulfajri, M., Yu, Y. (2016): A use of ferulic acid for manufacturing drugs for improving the oxygen-releasing ability of hemoglobin to organs and peripheral tissues in human bodies. Republic of China Patent (Patent No TW I532482 B)